Subterranean Fishes of the World

4020

1989

American Museum Novitates

1-39

2950

Stauroglanis gouldingi is described as new genus and species of the Trichomycteridae. Characters traditionally used to delimit subgroups of trichomycterids would include Stauroglanis in the subfamily Trichomycterinae. Nevertheless, similarities between Stauroglanis and trichomycterines cannot be considered as derived characters for the two taxa. Instead, a number of other newly proposed characters constitute unequivocal synapomorphies supporting monophyly ofStauroglanis plus the Sarcoglanidinae. Further analysis indicates that Sarcoglanis and Malacoglanis (the two previously known sarcoglanidines) form a monophyletic group, with Stauroglanis as its sister group. All characters used until the present to define the Trichomycterinae are either synapomorphies for the whole family (i.e., symplesiomorphies for the subfamily) or features of uncertain polarity. Scleronema and two species of Trichomycterus, T. boylei and T. santaeritae, are tentatively proposed to be more closely related to the Sarcoglanidinae than to the Trichomycterinae. In addition, it is suggested that T. hasemani and T. johnsoni are more closely related to the Tridentinae than to any Trichomycterinae. These cases are given as positive evidence that the Trichomycterinae is nonmonophyletic as presently constituted. By current criteria, Stauroglanis can be considered as one more miniature trichomycterid. In view of new data, three miniaturization events are proposed within the family: at the base of Glanapteryginae/Sarcoglanidinae clade (including Trichomycterus santaeritae), at the base of Tridentinae clade (including Trichomycterus hasemani and T. johnsoni) and inside Vandelliinae (Paravandellia).

1

de Pinna, M.C.C. (1989)
Zuanon, J. and Sazima, I. (2004)
Zuanon, J., Bockmann, F.A. and Sazima, I. (2006)
Adriaens, D., Baskin, J.N. and Coppens, H. (2010)
Fernandez, L., Arroyave, J. and Schaefer, S.A. (2021)