Subterranean Fishes of the World

An account of the subterranean (hypogean) fishes with a bibliography from 1436.

Checklist of troglomorphic fishes from non-subterranean habitats

In addition to those species of fishes which live in caves, in groundwaters and in the interstitial, all of which are considered to be subterranean habitats (Culver and Pipan 2009, Culver and Pipan 2014, Culver and Pipan 2019), there a number of species which have evolved troglomorphic facies as a result of living in habitats which are not subterranean but which are substantially and permanently without light. The two principle habitats are the abyssal depth of deep rivers and those rivers which have very densely coloured black waters. A wonderful account of the fishes of some of these habitats, with quite excelent photographs, is provided by Fenolio (2016). Distrubtion details for Amazon fishes are taken from Dagosta and de Pinna (2019) and van der Sleen and Albert (2018).

Species accounts for the troglomorphic non-subterranean fishes have yet to be written but will be written as time allows.

Order: Cypriniformes ^{(1 species)}

Suborder: Cobitoidei ^{(1 species)}

Family: Cobitidae ^{(1 species)}

Order: Gymnotiformes ^{(3 species)}

Suborder: Sternopygoidei ^{(3 species)}

Family: Apteronotidae ^{(3 species)}

Order: Siluriformes ^{(20 species)}

Suborder: Loricarioidei ^{(3 species)}

Family: Loricariidae ^{(2 species)}

Family: Trichomycteridae ^{(1 species)}

Suborder: Siluroidei ^{(15 species)}

Family: Clariidae ^{(4 species)}

Family: Claroteidae ^{(1 species)}

Family: Aspredinidae ^{(9 species)}

Family: Mochokidae ^{(1 species)}

Suborder: Cetopsoidei ^{(2 species)}

Family: Cetopsidae ^{(2 species)}

Order: Ophidiiformes ^{(3 species)}

Suborder: Bythitoidei ^{(3 species)}

Family: Dinematichthyidae ^{(3 species)}

Order: Gobiiformes ^{(16 species)}

Suborder: Gobioidei ^{(16 species)}

Family: Gobiidae ^{(16 species)}

Order: Synbranchiformes ^{(6 species)}

Suborder: Synbranchoidei ^{(2 species)}

Family: Synbranchidae ^{(2 species)}

Suborder: Mastacembeloidei ^{(4 species)}

Family: Mastacembelidae ^{(4 species)}

Order: Cichliformes ^{(1 species)}

Family: Cichlidae ^{(1 species)}

Order: Pleuronectiformes ^{(3 species)}

Suborder: Pleuronectoidei ^{(3 species)}

Family: Soleidae ^{(3 species)}

Order: Osteoglossiformes ^{(1 species)}

Suborder: No suborder ^{(1 species)}

Family: Mormyridae ^{(1 species)}

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