Journal Article
Behavioral observations of the olm (Proteus anguinus) in a karst spring via direct observations and camera trapping
Premate, E., Fišer, Ž., Kuralt, Ž., Pekolj, A., Trajbarič, T., Milavc, E., Hanc. Ž. and Kostanjšek ,R.
Record Number:
6793
Year:
2022
Journal:
Subterranean Biology
Pages:
69-83
Volume:
44
Notes:
Copyright Ester Premate et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium
Abstract:
The olm (Proteus anguinus), an endemic amphibian of the Dinarides’ underground waters (Europe), is one of the world’s most widely known subterranean species. Although various aspects of olm biology have been extensively studied, the data on their behavior in the wild remain scarce mostly due to inaccessibility of their natural habitat. Yet, olms also occur in several karstic springs during nighttime. These are easier to access and present an exciting opportunity to study olm behavior in nature. Here, we report on systematic observations of olms in one such spring in Slovenia, where we observed them for nine consecutive summer nights, coupling direct on-site observations with IR camera trap recordings. We used IR camera trap recordings to construct simple ethograms, as well as to quantify olm movement activity by video-tracking. Olms regularly occurred on the surface during the night, and dawn appeared to be a key stimulus for their retreat underground. They were constantly active, but rarely swam far from the spring. Despite the short-term nature of the study, we collected new occurrence and movement data, and at the same time tested the usability of IR cameras for surveying olm presence and behavior in nature. Experience gained through the study may prompt long-term and more complex behavioral studies using similar approaches
Times Cited:
1
Relevent Species:
Related Records:
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Dobrovoljc, K., Falnoga, I., Bulog, B., Tušek-Žnidarič, M. and Ščančar, J. (2003)Hepatic metallothioneins in two neotenic salamanders, Proteus anguinus and Necturus masculosus (Amphibia, Caudata)
Trontelj, P. and Gorički, Š. (2003)Monophyly of the family Proteidae (Amphibia: Caudata) tested by phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial 12S rDNA sequences
Bizjak Mali, L. and Bulog, B. (2004)Histology and ultrastructure of the gut epithelium of the neotenic cave salamander, Proteus anguinus (Amphibia, Caudata)
Grosse, W.R. (2004)Grottenolm – Proteus anguinus (Laurenti, 1768)
Menage, S. (2004)Le Protee (Proteus anguinus Laurenti 1768): historique, mythologie, biologie et utilisation en experimentation
Sket, B., Paragamian, K. and Trontelj, P. (2004)A census of the obligate subterranean fauna of the Balkan peninsula
Sket, B. (2004)Dinaric Karst: Biospeleology
Bressi, N. (2004)Underground and unknown: updated distribution, ecological notes and conservation guidelines on the Olm Proteus anguinus anguinus in Italy (Amphibia, Proteidae)
Bulog, B. (2004)Amphibia: Proteus
Weber, A. (2004)Amphibia
Griffiths, H.I., Krystufek, B. and Reed, J.M. (2004)Balkan biodiversity. Pattern and process in the European hotspot
Gams, I, (2004)Kras v Sloveniji
Banarescu, P.M. (2004)Distribution pattern of the aquatic fauna of the Balkan peninsula
Sket, B. (2005)Dinaric Karst, Diversity in
Shaw, T.R. (2005)Proteus for scientists and tourists. A history of its 19th century collection and captivity
Durand, J.P. (2005)Salamanders
Gorički, Š. (2006)Phylogeographic and morphological analysis of European cave salamander (Proteus anguinus) populations
Gorički, Š. and Trontelj, P. (2006)Structure and evolution of the mitochondrial control region and flanking sequences in the European cave salamander Proteus anguinus
Bulog, B. (2007)Okoljske in funkcionalno-morfološke raziskave močerila Proteus anguinus
Trontelj, P., Gorički, Š., Polak, S., Verovnik, R., Zakšek, V. and Sket, B. (2007)Age estimates for some subteranean taxa and lineages in the Dinaric karst
Trontelj, P., Gorički, Š., Polak, S., Verovnik, R., Zakšek, V. and Sket, B. (2007)Age estimates for some subterranean taxa and lineages in the Dinaric Karst
Sket, B. (2007)Kaj vemo in kaj si mislimo o človeški ribici. Utrinki iz zgodovine in nekaj novosti
Aljančič, M. (2007)Žiga Zois in človeška ribica
Lanza, B., Bruschi, S. and Bressi, N. (2007)Proteus anguinus Laurenti, 1768
Prelovšek, P. M., Bizjak Mali, L. and Bulog, B. (2008)Hepatic pigment cells of Proteidae (Amphibia, Urodela): a comparative histochemical and ultrastructural study
Mateš, A. (2008)Čovječja ribica u želucu pastrve u Dretulji
Aljancic, G. (2008)Jamski laboratorij Tular in cloveska ribica
Yoshizawa, M., Soares, D., Goricki, S., Ashida, G. and Jeffery, W.R. (2009)Evolution of adaptive behaviours in the cavefish Astyanax
Trontelj, P., Douady, C.J., Fišer, C., Gibert, J., Gorički, Š., Lefébure, T., Sket, B. and Zakšek, V. (2009)A molecular test for cryptic diversity in ground water: How large are the ranges of macro-stygobionts?
Bendik, N.F., Gluesenkamp, A.G. and Chippindale, P.T. (2009)The biogeography and rapid radiation of central Texas neotenic salamanders
Issartel, J., Hervant, F., de Fraipont, M., Clobert, J.and Voituron, Y. (2009)High anoxia tolerance in the subterranean salamander Proteus anguinus without oxidative stress nor activation of antioxidant defenses during reoxygenation
Ozimec, R., Bedek, J., Gottstein, S., Jalžić, B., Slapnik, R., Štamol, V., Bilandžija, H., Dražina, T., Kletečki, E., Komerički, A., Lukić, M. and Pavlek, M. (2009)Crvena knjiga špiljske faune Hrvatske. Ministarstvo kulture, Državni zavod za zaštitu prirode, Republika Hrvatska, Zagreb
Zhang, P. and Wake, D.B. (2009)Higher-level salamander relationships and divergence dates inferred from complete mitochondrial genomes
Arntzen, J.W., Denoël, M., Miaud, C., Andreone, F., Vogrin, M., Edgar, P. and Corti, C. (2009)Proteus anguinus
Schlegel, P.A., Steinfartz, S. and Bulog, B. (2009)Non-visual sensory physiology and magnetic orientation in the blind cave salamander, Proteus anguinus (and other cave-dwelling urodele species): review and new results on light-sensitivity and non-visual orientation in subterranean urodeles (Amphibia)
Jalzic, B., Lackovic, D., Rada, T. and Gottstein, S. (200x)Biospeleoloska i speleoloska istrazivanja donjeg toka rijeke Neretve
Issartel, J., Voituron, Y., Guillaume, O., Clobert, J. and Hervant, F. (2010)Selection of physiological and metabolic adaptations to food deprivation in the Pyrenean
newt Calotriton asper during cave colonisation
Bizjak Mali, L. and Bulog, B. (2010)Ultrastructure of previtellogene oocytes in the neotenic cave salamander Proteus anguinus anguinus (Amphibia, Urodela, Proteidae)
Mlinar-Cic, C. (2010)The aquatic life of Postojna-Planina Cave System. Short documentary
Božič, D. (2010)Neznani sliki človeške ribice v Narodnem muzeju Slovenije v Ljubljani
Bizjak Mali, L., Talaber, I, Žibert, U. and Bulog, B. (2010)Oogenesis in Proteus: stages of oocyte development
Shaw, T.R. (2010)Aspects of the History of Slovene Karst (1545–2008)
Avguštin, G., Gramc, S., Bizjak Mali, L., Bulog, B. and Avguštin, J.A. (2010)The structure and diversity of the microbial community inhabiting the gut of the olm (Proteus anguinus)
Aljancic, G. (2010)Fifty years of Tular Cave laboratory
Pezdirc, M., Heath, E., Mali, L.B. and Bulog, B. (2011)PCB accumulation and tissue distribution in cave salamander (Proteus anguinus
anguinus, Amphibia, Urodela) in the polluted karstic hinterland of the Krupa River,
Slovenia
Bizjak Mali, L., Bulog, B. (2011)Follicular ovarian atresia in the olm (Proteus anguinus anguinus)
Trožić, E., Trožić, E. and Trožić, N. (2011)Čovječja Ribica (Proteus anguinus) u Vodama Karstnih Špilja Jelašinovačkog Polja
Dvorščak, K. (2011)Zgodovina predstavljanja človeške ribice v Postojnski jami
Voituron, Y., de Fraipont, M., Issartel, J., Guillaume, O. and Clobert, J. (2011)Extreme lifespan of the human fish (Proteus anguinus): a challenge for ageing mechanisms
Hudoklin, A. (2011)Are we guaranteeing the favourable status of the Proteus anguinus in the Natura 2000 network in Slovenia?
Hajna, N.Z. (2012)Dinaric Karst: Geography and geology
Sket, B. (2012)Diversity patterns in the Dinaric karst
Hervant, F. (2012)Starvation in subterranean species versus surface-dwelling species: Crustaceans, Fish, and Salamanders
Mulaomerović, J. and Hodžić, M. (2012)Proteus anguinus in Bosnia and Herzegovina from the Middle Ages to today
Goricki, S., Niemiller, M.L. and Fenolio, D.B. (2012)Salamanders
Aljancic, G. (2012)The 250th anniversary of the first scientific description of Proteus anguinus
Ivanović, A., Aljančič, G. and Arntzen, J.W. (2013)Skull shape differentiation of black and white olms (Proteus anguinus anguinus and Proteus a. parkelj): An exploratory analysis with micro-CT scanning
Bizjak Mali, L., Sepčić, K. and Bulog, B. (2013)Long-term starvation in cave salamander effects on liver ultrastructure and energy reserve mobilization
Bonett, R.M., Trujano-Alvarez, A.L., Williams, M.J. and Timpe, E.K. (2013)Biogeography and body size shuffling of aquatic salamander communities on a shifting refuge
Mulaomerović, J. (2013)Proteus(i) na stećcima
Koller, K. (2013)Rasprostranjenost i zaštita vrste Proteus anguinus Laurenti, 1768 u Hrvatskoj
Bizjak Mali, L., Talaber, I, Žibert, U., Ceket, D., Habič, L. and Bulog, B. (2013)Oogenesis of the olm
Manenti, R. and Ficetola, G.F. (2013)Salamanders breeding in subterranean habitats: local adaptations or behavioural plasticity?
Aljančič, G., Gorički, Š., Kuntner, M., Merzlyakov, L., Năpăruş-Aljančič, M., Pavićević, M. and Stanković, D. (2014)A survey of the distribution of Proteus anguinus by environmental DNA sampling
Kovac, L, Elhottova, D, Mock, A, Novakova, A, Kristufek, V, Chronakova, A, Lukesova, A, Mulec, J, Kosel, V, Papac, V, Luptacik, P, Uhrin, M, Visnovska, Z, Hudec, I, Gaal, L and Bella, P (2014)The cave biota of Slovakia
Jelić, D. et al. (2014)A survival blueprint for Olm, Proteus anguinus
Aljancic, G., Goricki, S., Kuntner, M., Merslyakov, L., Naparus-Aljancic, M., Pavicevic, M. and Stankovic, D. (2014)Endagered Proteus: combining DNA and GIS analyses fot its conservation
Sessions, S., Bulog, B. and Mali, L.B. (2015)The phoenix rises: Reversal of cave adaptations in the blind cave salamander, Proteus anguinus?
Jelić, D., Kuljerić, M., Koren, T., Treer, D., Šalamon, D., Lončar, M., Podnar Lešić, M., Janev Hutinec, B., Bogdanović, T., Mekinić, S. and Jelić, K. (2015)Crvena knjiga vodozemaca i gmazova Hrvatske. Ministarstvo zaštite okoliša i prirode
Balázs, G., Lewarne, B. and Herczeg, G. (2015)In situ Underwater Tagging of Aquatic Organisms: A Test Using the Cave-Dwelling Olm, Proteus anguinus
Niemiller, M.L., Zigler, K.S., Stephen, C.D.R., Carter, E.T., Paterson, A.T., Taylor, S.J. and Engel, A.S. (2016)Vertebrate fauna in caves of eastern tennessee within the Appalachians karst region, USA
Bizjak Mali. L. and Bulog, B. (2016)Functional morphology and environmental studies on Proteus
Sessions, S.K., Bizjak Mali, L., Green, D.M., Trifonov, V. and Ferguson-Smith, M. (2016)Evidence for sex chromosome turnover in proteid salamanders
Mlinar-Cic, C. (2016)Vodni krog – kratek film o soodvisnosti človeške ribice in človeka od čiste podzemne vode
Trontelj, P. and Zakšek, V. (2016)Genetic monitoring of Proteus populations
Prelovšek, M. (2016)Proteus survival close to an industrial, agricultural and urbanized basin - the case of Kočevsko polje
Knolle, F., Puffe, B. and Ipsen, A. (2016)85 Jahre Grottenolme in der Hermannshöhle in Rübeland – Geschichte und Ausblick
Aljancic, G. and Aljancic. M (2016)International workshop. SOS Proteus: Implementation of mnitoring and practical actions for the conservation of Proteus in Slovenia
Aljancic, G., Aljancic. M. and Golob, Z. (2016)Salvaging the washed-out Proteus
Pennisi, E. (2016)Tracking the Slovenian dragon
Kostanjšek, R., Gunde Cimerman, N. and Bizjak Mali, L. (2017)Microbial and parasitic threats to Proteus
Aljancic, G. (2017)Trideset let od odkritja crne cloveske ribice
Balázs, G. and Lewarne, B. (2017)Observations on the olm Proteus anguinus population of the Vrelo Vruljak System (Eastern Herzegovina, Bosnia and Herzegovina)
Gorički, S., Stanković, D., Snoj, A., Kuntner, M., Jeffery, W.R., Trontelj, P., Pavićević, M., Grizelj, Z., Năpăruş-Aljančič, M. and Aljančič, G. (2017)Environmental DNA in subterranean biology: range extension and taxonomic implications for Proteus
Gredar, T. and Bizjak Mali, L. (2017)A non-destructive approach for monitoring the health status in the European Blind Cave Salamander, Proteus anguinus: Differential counts of white blood cells from blood smears
Vörös, J., Márton, O., Schmidt, B.R., Gál, J.T., & Jelić, D. (2017)Surveying Europe's only cave-dwelling chordate species (Proteus anguinus) using environmental DNA.
Bizjak-Mali, L. (2017)Variability of testes morphology and the presence of testis-ova in the European blind cave salamander (Proteus anguinus)
Zakšek, V. and Trontelj, P. (2017)Conservation genetics of Proteus in the Postojna-Planina Cave System
Năpăruș-Aljančič, M., Gorički, Š., Stanković, D., Kuntner, M. and Aljančič, G. (2017)GIS analysis to assess the groundwater habitat pollution of black proteus
Bizjak Mali, L., Dolenc-Batagelj, K., Gnezda, P., Weldt, S. and Sessions, S. (2017)Moving away from the ''cave lab paradigm'': successful captive breeding and raising of the European blind cave salamander Proteus anguinus using ''optimal artificial'' conditions
Trontelj, P. and Zakšek, V. (2017)A leap forward in the conservation genetics of Proteus populations
Fišer, Ž., Naparus-Aljancic, M., Zakšek, V. and Aljancic, G. (2017)The utility of non-genetic data collected during genetic monitoring of Proteus populations
Gredar, T. and Bizjak Mali, L. (2017)Cultivation and morphology of blood cells of the olm Proteus anguinus
Holtze, S., Lukac, M., Cizelj, I., Mutschmann, F., Szentiks, C.A., Jelic, D., Hermes, R., Göritz, F., Braude, S. and Hildebrandt, T.B. (2017)Monitoring health and reproductive status of olms (Proteus anguinus) by ultrasound
Bonacci, O. (2017)Karst Hydrology : With Special Reference to the Dinaric Karst
Sket, B. (2017)Discovering the black proteus Proteus anguinus parkelj (Amphibia Caudata)
Aljancic, G., Aljancic. M. and Trontelj, P. (2017)Second International meeting SOS Proteus. Conservation of the black Proteus and its habitat - 30 years after its discovery
Hudoklin, A. and Aljancic, G. (2017)Pregled razširjenosti človeške ribice ter njenega odkrivanja na nizkem dolenjskem krasu
Kostanjšek, R., Prodan, Y. and Trontelj, P. (2017)Comparative analysis of skin bacteriome from four natural populations of Proteus anguinus in Slovenia
Kovač Konrad, P. and Šarić, K.K. (2017)The deepest finding of an olm (Proteus anguinus): Zagorska peć, Ogulin, Croatia
Ipsen, A. and Knolle, F. (2017)The olm of Hermann’s Cave, Harz Mountains, Germany – eggs laid after more than 80 years
Soares, D., Adams, R., Hammond, S., Slay, M.E., Fenolio, D.B. and Niemiller, M.L. (2017)Evolution of coprophagy and nutrient absorption in a cave salamander
Lewarne, B. (2018)Estavela "Hadžiahmetovića Bunar“ (Mostaći): An example of urgent unilateral protection and conservation of an endangered Proteus habitat location in the Trebišnjica River basin
Gladstone, N.S., Carter, E.T., Niemiller, K.D.K., Hayter, L.E. and Niemiller, M.L. (2018)A new maximum body size record for the Berry Cave Salamander (Gyrinophilus gulolineatus) and genus Gyrinophilus (Caudata, Plethodontidae) with a comment on body size in plethodontid salamanders
Grosse, W. R., Ipsen, A., Guillaume, O. and Aljančič, G. (2018)Proteus anguinus Laurenti, 1768 – Cave salamander
Vörös, J., Ursenbacher, S. and Jelić, D. (2018)Population genetic analyses using 10 new polymorphic microsatellite loci confirms genetic subdivision within the olm, Proteus anguinus
Zakšek, V., Konec, M. and Trontelj, P. (2018)First microsatellite data on Proteus anguinus reveal weak genetic structure between the caves of Postojna and Planina
Bizjak Mali, L., Zalar, P., Turk, M., Novak Babic, M., Kostanjšek, R. and Gunde-Cimerman, N. (2018)Opportunistic fungal pathogens isolated from a captive individual of the European blind cave salamander Proteus anguinus
Kirn, T. (2018)Finds of washed-out Proteus from the Pivka intermittent lakes and the Pivka river.
Gredar, T., Prša, P. and Bizjak Mali, L. (2018)Comparative analysis of hematological parameters in wild and captive Proteus anguinus.
Jelic, D. (2018)Croatia.Cave Fauna. IX 1. Cave aquatic fauna
Saric, K.K. and Jelic, D. (2019)Physiology
Saric, K.K. and Aljancic, G. (2019)Reproductive biology
Lewarne, B. and Balázs, G. (2019)Bosnia and Herzegovina - a brief historical review of research
Konrad, P.K. and Saric, K.K. (2019)Appendix 1. Introduction to Proteus research in Croatia as a part of a project "Karst - the Dinaric Arc karst biodiversity conservation programme"
Balazs, G., Lewarne, B. and Herczeg, G. (2019)Appendix 2. CMR (Capture-Mark-Recapture) study of Proteus anguinus in Vruljak I Cave (Bosnia and Herzegovina - RS)
Hajna, N.Z. (2019)Dinaric karst - Geography and geology
Brancelj, A., Mori, N., Treu, F. and Stoch, F. (2019)The groundwater fauna of the Classical Karst: hydrogeological indicators and descriptors
Konrad, P.K., Jelic, D., Jalzik, B. and Jalzic, V. (2019)Appendix 1. Cave system Rupecia-Smitovo Lake
Amin, O.M., Heckmann, R.A., Fišer, Ž., Zakšek, V., Herlyn, H. and Kostanjšek, R. (2019)Description of Acanthocephalus anguillae balkanicus subsp. n. (Acanthocephala:
Echinorhynchidae) from Proteus anguinus Laurenti (Amphibia: Proteidae) and the cave ecomorph of Asellus aquaticus (Crustaca: Asellidae) in Slovenia
Aljančič, G. (2019)History of research on Proteus anguinus Laurenti 1768 in Slovenia
Kostanjšek, R., Prodan, Y., Stres, B. and Trontelj, P. (2019)Composition of the cutaneous bacterial community of a cave amphibian, Proteus anguinus
Kolar, B. (2019)The threshold concentration for nitrate in groundwater as a habitat of Proteus anguinus
Budic, M. (2019)The Dinaric Karst phenomenon
Gredar, T., Leonardi, A., Novak, M., Sepcic, K., Bizjak- Mali, L., Križaj, I. and Kostanjšek, R. (2019)Vitellogenin in the European cave salamander, Proteus anguinus: Its characterization and dynamics in a captive female as a basis for non-destructive sex identification
Bozic, V. (2019)Speleological research in Croatia
Konrad, P.K. and Cukusic, I. (2019)Cave diving in Croatia
Bedek, J. and Lukic, M. (2019)Speleobiological research on invertebrates in Croatia
Basara, D., Cvitanovic, H. and Saric, K.K. (2019)Speleological publications
Holtze, S., Lukac, M., Cizelj, I., Mutschmann, F., Szentiks, C.A., Jelic, D., hermes, R., Goritz, F., Braude, S. and Hilderbtandt, T.B. (2019)Appendix 5. Ultrasonography as a method for monitoring health and reproductive conditions of Proteus
Jelic, D. and Saric, K.K. (2019)Introduction
Sremac, J. and Karaica, B. (2019)Evolution and phylogenetic relationships
Saric, K.K. and Jelic, D. (2019)Proteus anguinus species
Saric, K.K. (2019)Habitat
Sket, B. (2019)Proteus' co-residents
Šarić, K.K., Jelić, D., Konrad, P.K. and Jalžić, B. (2019)Proteus
Saric, K.K., Jelic, D. and Aljancic, G. (2019)A brief historical review of Proteus research in the Dinaric Karst
Saric, K.K. (2019)Species distribution - Introduction
Bressi, N. (2019)Italy - A brief historical review of research
Aljancic, G., Golob, Z., Naparus-Aljancic, M., Turk, T. Kibib, N., Vek, M., Kostanjsek, R. and Grunde-Cimerman, N. (2019)Mitigating the potential risk of chytridiomtcete fungi and ranavirus infection at the sanctuary for injured Proteus (Proteus anguinus) of the Tular cave laboratory
Aljancic, G. (2019)Slovenia - A brief historical review of research
Saric, K.K., Jalzic, B. and Jelic, D. (2019)Croatia - a brief historical review of research
Gorički, Š., Niemiller, M.L., Fenolio, D.B. and Gluesenkamp, AG. (2019)Salamanders
Saric, K.K. (2019)Montenegro - a brief historical review of research
Saric, K.K. and Jelic, D. (2019)Structure and anatomy
Lewarne, B. and Balázs, G. (2020)Observed air-breathing behaviour of Proteus anguinus individuals under an intermittent hypoxic scenario in their natural habitat, with details of the prevailing environmental conditions
Lewarne, B. and Allain, S.J.R. (2020)The unnatural history of cave olms Proteus anguinus in England
Balázs, G., Lewarne, B. and Herczeg, G. (2020)Extreme site fidelity of the olm (Proteus anguinus) revealed by a long-term capture–mark–recapture study
Li. Z., Verbrugghe, E., Konstanjšek, R., Lukač, M., Pasmans, .F, Cizelj., I. and Martel, A. (2020)Dampened virulence and limited proliferation of Batrachochytrium salamandrivorans during subclinical infection of the troglobiont olm (Proteus anguinus)
Anonymous (2020)Books received - Proteus edited by Šarić, Jelić, Konrad, and Jalžić (2019)
Gredar, T. (2020)Development of non-destructive approaches for sex identification in the Proteus (Proteus anguinus, Urodela, Amphibia)
Mulec, J. (2020)Interview with Rok Kotanjšek and Nina Gunde-Cimerman. Welcome to the -omics era of the 21st century: will Proteus anguinus finally reveal all its mysteries?
Whittaker, K. and Koo, M.S. (2021)Proteus anguinus: Olm
Garasic, M. (2021)The Dinaric Karst System of Croatia. Speleology and Cave Exploration
Lučić, I. (2021)Interview with Boris Sket: Nothing has a sense in speleobiology, without a comparison of cave animals with the 'normal' epigean ones
Kostanjšek, R., Turk, M., Vek, M., Gutierrez-Aguirre, I. and Gunde Cimerman, N. (2021)First screening for Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, B. salamandrivorans and Ranavirus infections in wild and captive amphibians in Slovenia
Niemiller, M.L., Carter, E.T., Fenolio, D.B., Gluesenkamp, A.G. and Phillips, J.G. (2022)Subterranean colonisation and diversification of cave-dwelling salamanders
Niemiller, M.L., Carter, E.T., Gladstone, N.S., Niemiller, K.D.K., Hayter, L.E., Engel, A.S., Miller, B.T., and Fitzpatrick, B.M. (2022)The distribution, ecology, life history, and conservation status of the Berry Cave salamander (Gyrinophilus gulolineatus)
Tesarová, M., Mancini, L., Mauri, E., Aljancic, G., Naparus-Aljancic, M., Kostanjšek, R., Mali, L.B., Zikmund, T., Kaucká, M., Papi, F., Goyens, J., Bouchnita, A., Hellander, A. (2022)Living in darkness: Exploring adaptation of Proteus anguinus in 3 dimensions by X-ray imaging
Kostanjšek, R. et al. (2022)Towards the massive genome of Proteus anguinus, illuminating longevity, regeneration, convergent evolution and metabolic disorders
Guillaume, O. (2022)The cave salamander Proteus anguinus in captivity in Moulis, France for the scientific research
Barzaghi, B., Ficetola, F.G., Mauri, E., Restaino, M., Lombardi, B. and Manenti, R. (2022)Preliminary study on differences characterizes the populations of olm (Proteus anguinus) in cave and those found in epigean environment
Premate, E., Fišer, Ž., Kuralt, Ž., Pekolj, A., Trajbarič, T., Milavc, E., Hanc. Ž. and Kostanjšek ,R. (2022)Behavioral observations of the olm (Proteus anguinus) in a karst spring via direct observations and camera trapping
Zalar, P., Gubenšek, A., Gostinˇcar, C., Kostanjšek, R., Bizjak-Mali, L. and Gunde-Cimerman, N. (2022)Cultivable skin mycobiota of healthy and diseased blind cave salamander (Proteus anguinus)
Barzaghi, B. (2023)Between light and darkness: The round-trip of surface and subterranean animals
Di Lorenzo, T., Avramov, M., Galassi, D.M.P., Iepure, S., Mammola, S., Reboleira, A.S.P.S and Hervant, F. (2023)Chapter 20. Physiological tolerance and ecotoxicological constraints of groundwater fauna
Peter Kozel, P., Novak, T., Janžekovič, F. and Lipovšek, S. (2023)Starvation hardiness as preadaptation for life in subterranean habitats
Recknagel, H., Zakšek, V., Delić, T., Gorički, S. and Trontelj, P. (2023)Multiple transitions between realms shape relict lineages of Proteus cave salamanders
Lewarne, B. and Allain, S.J.R. (2023)Attempted predation of a cave olm Proteus anguinus by a dice water snake Natrix tessellata, in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Kostanjsek, R., Zaksek, V., Bizjak-Mali, L. and Trontelj, P. (2023)Chapter 13. The olm (Proteus anguinus), a flagship groundwater species
Ravbar, N., Viršek, D. and Năpăruş-Aljančič, M. (2023)New locality of Proteus anguinus in the area of the Tabor Ridge near Grosuplje, central Slovenia
Petrescu-Mag, V. (2023)The olm (Proteus anguinus) and cave life
Voituron, Y., Guillaume, O., Dumet, A., Zahn. S and Criscuolo, F. (2023)Temperature-independent telomere lengthening with age in the long-lived human fish (Proteus anguinus)
IUCN SSC Amphibian Specialist Group (2024)Amphibian conservation action plan: A status review and roadmap for global amphibian conservation
Di Lorenzo, T., Mori, M. and Simčič, T. (2024)Metabolic rates of groundwater species as a function of body mass and temperature
Di Lorenzo, T., Mori, N. and Simčič, T. (2024)Dataset for “Metabolic rates of groundwater species as a function of body mass and temperature”
Hoover, H., Manenti, R. and Melotto, A. (2024)The role of experience in the visual and non-visual prey recognition of Fire Salamander populations from caves and streams
Gredar, T., Šarac, A., Prša, P., Fišer, Z., Kostanjšek, R. and Bizjak Mali, L. (2024)Morphology and differential counts of blood cells as important health indicators in the olm, Proteus anguinus
Manenti, R., Vinci, L., Barzaghi, B., Lombardi, B., Teodoro, C., Baglioni, L., Melotto, A. and Francesco Ficetola, G. (2024)Sit-and-wait foraging is not enough in food-deprived environments: evidence from groundwater and salamanders
Anonymous (2024)Wikipedia: Olm
Fuerst-Bjeliš, B., Mrgić, J., Petrić, H., Zorn, M. and Zwitter, Z. (2024)Environmental histories of the Dinaric Karst
Scapolatiello, A., Grgić, M., Greco, S., Puljas, S., Bilandžija, H. and Gerdol,M. (2024)Congeria in the Dinaric Karst: Conservation and scientific study of a unique cavedwelling bivalve genus