Ogilbia galapagosensis
(Poll and Leleup, 1965) Cohen and Nielson 1978
| ORDER | SUB-ORDER | FAMILY |
|---|---|---|
| Ophidiiformes | Bythitoidei | Dinematichthyidae |
Synonyms
Caecogilbia galapagosensis Poll and Leleup 1965
Country
GalapagosTypes
Holotype: MRAC uncatalogued male 51.5mm SL. Allotype: female 47.0mm SL. Paratypes: male 39.0mm SL, male 49.0mm SL, male 55mm SL, female 40mm SL, female 48mm SL. Moller et al. (2005) report that no specimens of this species could be found at MRAC, any other major Museum, or the Charles Darwin Station on the Galapagos Islands. This species is the type species by monotypy of the genus Caecogilbia.
Distribution
Type locality: a number of deep fissures situated between the lagoon of "Flamants roses", about 2 km west of Turtle Bay, close to Charles Darwin Station, Santa Cruz Island, Galapagos (0o37’S, 90o21’W). Grove and Lavenberg (1997:20,224) comment that this species: “... is known only from fresh and brackish waters in crevices on Santa Cruz near Bahia Tortuga [= Turtle Bay] and Punta Las Palmas ...”. Poll and Leleup (1965:464) suggested that the species may be distributed throughout Santa Cruz but this seems unlikely in view the studies of Grove and Lavenberg. Snell, Stone and Snell (1996) summarise the geography of Galapagos and should be consulted by anyone studying there.
Habitat
Fissures constitute the only points of access to an extensive area of more or less brackish ground water. This probably underlies the whole island in a Ghyben-Herzberg lens but all of the fishes observed were seen between 500 m and 1 km of the coast. The degree of salinity decreases with distance from the sea. This is an anchialine habitat (see Iliffe 1991, 1992, 2000). Individuals appear to live among roots of Cryptocarpus vegetation (DeRoy 1974, Grove and Lavenberg 1997:224). The presumed sister species, Ogilbia deroyi (Poll and Van Moll 1966), inhabits: “...loose rocks and boulders in shallow intertidal water...” (Grove and Lavenberg 1997:221). The comparative ecology of O. galapagosensis and O. deroyi were studied by Van Mol (1967).
Systematics
Cohen and Nielsen (1978) placed this species in the genus Ogilbia. This species is probably evolved from the very similar Ogilbia deroyi (Poll and Van Moll 1966, DeRoy 1974). Individuals of O. galapagosensis vary considerably in colour, from brown through to pink, and also in eye size and body shape. D.M. Cohen (in Grove and Lavenberg 1997:224) has suggested that the different morphs may be separate species. Van Mol (1967) made a comparative anatomical study of O. galapagosensis and O. deroyi.
Morphological and molecular studies by Moller et al. (2016) showed that thew genus Ogilbia is sister to Ogilbichthys and both are sister to the subterranean fish Typhlias pearsei. Ogilbia and Ogilbichthys diverged 20 million years ago and both diverged from the monotypic Typhlias 30 million years ago. These studies also showed that Ogilbia galapagosensis is a member of the tribe Dinematichthyini together with two other subterranean species Typhlias pearsei and Diancistrus typhlops. They also raised the tribe to the level of Family, Dinematichthyidae Whitley 1928, and all three subterranean species are now placed in this Family and removed from Bythitidae.
Conservation Status
(Nielsen, J.G., Munroe, T., Tyler, J. & Robertson, R. 2010. Ogilbia galapagosensis. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2010-3.RLTS.T15184A4499879.en. Downloaded on 10 July 2017).
Museum Holdings
As above only.
Key References
- Poll, M. and Leleup, N. (1965)
- Poll, M. and Van Mol, J.J. (1966)
- Van Mol, J.J. (1967)
- Van Mol, J.J. (1967)
- Leleup, N. and Leleup, J. (1968)
- DeRoy, T. A. (1974)
- Suarez, S.S. (1975)
- Cohen, D.M. and Nielsen, J.G. (1978)
- Iliffe, T. M. (1991)
- Peck, S. B. and Finston, T. L. (1993)
- Peck, S.B. (1994)
- Peck, S. B. (1994)
- Snell, H.M, Stone, P.A. and Snell, H.L (1996)
- Grove, J. S. and Lavenberg, R. J. (1997)
- Nielsen, J.G., Cohen, D.M., Markle, D.F. and Robins, C.R. (1999)
- Moller, P.R., Schwarzhans, W. and Nielsen, J.G. (2005)
- Moller, P.R., Knudsen, S.W., Schwarzhans, W. and Nielsen, J.G. (2016)
- Knudsen, S.W., Møller, P.R., Schwarzhans, W. and Nielsen, J.G. (2016)
- Constantin, S., Toulkeridis, T., Moldovan, O.T., Villacís, M. and Addison, A. (2018)
| Poll, M. and Leleup, N. | Journal Article | 1965 | Un poisson aveugle nouveau de la famille des Brotulidae provenant des iles Galapagos |
| Poll, M. and Van Mol, J.J. | Journal Article | 1966 | Au sujet d'une espece inconnue de Brotulidae littoral des iles Galapagos, apparentee a l'espece aveugle Caecogilbia galapagosensis Poll et Leleup |
| Van Mol, J.J. | Journal Article | 1967 | Ecologie comparee de deux especes de Brotulidae (Pisces) des iles Galapagos: Caecogilbia deroyi Poll et Van Mol 1967 et C. galapagosensis Poll et Leleup 1965 |
| Van Mol, J.J. | Journal Article | 1967 | Etude anatomique du genre Caecogilbia Poll et Leleup |
| Leleup, N. and Leleup, J. | Journal Article | 1968 | Mission zoologique belge aux iles Galapagos et en Ecuador. Resultats scientifiques |
| DeRoy, T. A. | Journal Article | 1974 | Discovering a new species |
| Suarez, S.S. | Journal Article | 1975 | The reproductive biology of Ogilbia cayorum, a viviparous brotulid fish |
| Cohen, D.M. and Nielsen, J.G. | Journal Article | 1978 | Guide to the identification of genera of the fish order Ophidiiformes with a tentative classification of the order |
| Iliffe, T. M. | Book Section | 1991 | Anchialine fauna of the Galapagos Islands. |
| Peck, S. B. and Finston, T. L. | Journal Article | 1993 | Galapagos Island troglobites: The question of tropical troglobites, parapatric distribution with eyed sister species, and their origin by parapatric speciation |
| Peck, S.B. | Book Section | 1994 | Ecuador |
| Peck, S. B. | Journal Article | 1994 | Diversity and zoogeography of the non-oceanic crustacea of the Galapagos Islands, Ecuador |
| Snell, H.M, Stone, P.A. and Snell, H.L | Journal Article | 1996 | A summary of geographical characteristics of the Galapagos Islands |
| Grove, J. S. and Lavenberg, R. J. | Book | 1997 | The fishes of the Galapagos Islands |
| Nielsen, J.G., Cohen, D.M., Markle, D.F. and Robins, C.R. | Journal Article | 1999 | Ophidiiform fishes of the world (Order Ophidiiformes). An annotated and illustrated catalogue of pearlfishes, cusk-eels, brotulas and other ophidiiform fishes known to date |
| Moller, P.R., Schwarzhans, W. and Nielsen, J.G. | Journal Article | 2005 | Review of the American Dinematichthyini (Teleostei: Bythitidae). Part II. Ogilbia |
| Moller, P.R., Knudsen, S.W., Schwarzhans, W. and Nielsen, J.G. | Journal Article | 2016 | A new classification of viviparous brotulas (Bythitidae) – with family status for Dinematichthyidae – based on molecular, morphological and fossil data |
| Knudsen, S.W., Møller, P.R., Schwarzhans, W. and Nielsen, J.G. | Journal Article | 2016 | Molecular, morphological and fossil input data for inferring relationship among viviparous brotulas (Bythitidae) – Resulting in a family status change for Dinematichthyidae |
| Constantin, S., Toulkeridis, T., Moldovan, O.T., Villacís, M. and Addison, A. | Journal Article | 2018 | Caves and karst of Ecuador – state of the art and research perspectives |