Thesis
Ecologia populacional e cornportamento de peixes subterraneos, Rhamdia sp. n. e Ancistrus sp. n. da area carstica da Serra da Bodoquena, Mato Grosso do Sul (Siluriformes: Heptapteridae, Loricariidae)
Borghezan. R.
Record Number:
4713
Year:
2013
Pages:
145 pages
University:
Instituto dc Biociencias da Universidade de Sao Paulo. Departamento de Zoologia
Abstract:
Population ecology and behaviour of subterranean fishes, Rhamdia sp. n. e Ancistrus sp. n.
from Serra da Bodoquena karstic area, Mato Grosso do Sui (Siluriformes: Heptapteridae, Loricariidae)
This project studied aspects of the population ecology of two troglomorphic
Siluriformes of genera Rhamdia and Ancistrus, which are syntopics in a subterranean
stream of Serra da Bodoquena karst area, Mato Grosso do Sui. The research comprised
the investigation of the population sizes and densities, survival rates, individual growth
rate, frequency of standard length, weight and condition factor, and displacements.
Adicionally, the behavior of Rhamdia sp. n. was investigated with focus on locomotor
rhythmicity and reaction to light. Six collections were made between 2010 and 2011 to
gather population data, based on visual census and mark-recapture, as well as search for
other localities to investigate the distribution range of these species. The population size
estimated to Rhamdia sp. n. was 391 individuals in Fadas Cave and 104 individuals in
the Cinco dc Ouros Cave. The population densities of Ancistrus sp. n. suggests a lower
population size compared to Rhamdia sp. n., possibly with less than 100 individuals in
the studied area. The average population density estimated through visual census to
Rhanidia sp. n. was 0.09 ind / m' in the Fadas Cave and 0.1 ind. I m' in the Cinco dc
Ouros Cave, lower than the results estimated by mark-recapture, 0. 76 ind. / m' and 1.48
ind. I m', for each cave, respectively. To Ancistrus sp. n., the average population density
was 0.018 ind / m'. The low variability throughout the year in population densities,
weight, and in condition factor for both species in Fadas Cave, indicate and higher
environmental stability in this cave compared to Cinco dc Ouros Cave. In Rhamdia sp.
n., individuals without externally visible eyes (anophthalmics) showed higher survival
rate compared to those with asymmetric or two normal eyes. The individual growth of
Rhamdia sp. n. was heterogeneous with no relation to individuals' size and through the
von Bertalanffy model estimate the maximum length (L m of 170 mm and growth
constant (K) of 0.241. The median maximum longevity was 15 years. With little
movement between sectors, individuals of Rhanidia sp. n. exhibited philopatry, while
Ancistrus sp. n. moved around, with only one individual recaptured in the same cave
sector. In relation do behavior Rhamdia sp n. showed significant circadian rhythmicity,
with intra-specific differences in the spectral power values. In the study of light
reduction, the intra-specific variation was observed in the degree of photophobia related
to eyes morphology. Surveys conducted in 24 caves in the Campina settlement revealed
that Rhamdia sp. n. occurs in the Fadas, Cinco dc Ouros, Manoel Cardoso and Dona
Benedita caves, while Ancistrus sp. n. occurs only in the Fadas Cave. The mosaic of
morphological variations observed in Rhanidia sp. n. and Ancistrus sp. n., the strong
circadian locomotor activity and the high degree of photophobia observed in Rhamdia
sp. n. suggests that these species are in early stages of setting troglomorphic characters,
indicating a recent isolation in subterranean environment.
Key-words: Subterranean fishes, population ecology, behavior, chronobiology, Mato
Grosso do Sui, caves.
Times Cited:
3
Relevent Species:
Related Records:
Bleckmann, H., Niemann, U. and Fritzsch, B. (1991)
Peripheral and central aspects of the acoustic and lateral line system of a bottom dwelling catfish, Ancistrus sp.
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Sabino, J. and Trajano, E. (1997)A new species of blind armoured catfish, genus Ancistrus, from caves of Bodoquena region, Mato Grosso do Sul, southwestern Brazil (Siluriformes, Loricariidae, Ancistrinae)
Trajano, E. and Gerhard, P. (1997)Light reaction in Brazilian cave fishes (Siluriformes: Pimelodidae, Trichomycteridae, Loricariidae)
Bessa, E. and Trajano, E. (2001)Light reaction and cryptobiotic habits in two cave-dwelling Brazilian armoured catfishes, genus Ancistrus (Siluriformes: Loricariidae)
Bessa, E. and Trajano, E. (2001)Light recation and cryptobiotic habitats in armoured catfishes, genus Ancistrus, from caves in central and north-eastern Brazil
Armbruster, J.W. (2004)Phylogenetic relationships of the suckermouth armoured catfishes (Loricariidae) with emphasis on the Hypostominae and the Ancistrinae
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Borghezan, R. (2008)Caracterizacao da ictiocenose em poc¸oes da Gruta das Fadas e aspectos biologicos de Rhamdia sp. (Siluriformes: Heptapteridae) e Ancistrus sp. (Siluriformes: Loricariidae), Serra da Bodoquena, Mato Grosso do Sul.
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