Journal Article
Swimming behavior and hydrodynamics of the Chinese cavefish Sinocyclocheilus rhinocerous and a possible role of its head horn structure
Lei, F., Xu, M., Ji, Z., Rose, K.A., Zakirov, V. and Bisset, M.
Record Number:
5923
Year:
2022
Journal:
PLoS ONE
Pages:
1-22
Volume:
17(7): e0270967
Notes:
This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited
Abstract:
The blind troglobite cavefish Sinocyclocheilus rhinocerous lives in oligotrophic, phreatic subterranean
waters and possesses a unique cranial morphology including a pronounced
supra-occipital horn. We used a combined approach of laboratory observations and Computational
Fluid Dynamics modeling to characterize the swimming behavior and other hydrodynamic
aspects, i.e., drag coefficients and lateral line sensing distance of S. rhinocerous.
Motion capture and tracking based on an Artificial Neural Network, complemented by a Particle
Image Velocimetry system to map out water velocity fields, were utilized to analyze the
motion of a live specimen in a laboratory aquarium. Computational Fluid Dynamics simulations
on flow fields and pressure fields, based on digital models of S. rhinocerous, were also
performed. These simulations were compared to analogous simulations employing models
of the sympatric, large-eyed troglophile cavefish S. angustiporus. Features of the cavefish
swimming behavior deduced from the both live-specimen experiments and simulations
included average swimming velocities and three dimensional trajectories, estimates for drag
coefficients and potential lateral line sensing distances, and mapping of the flow field around
the fish. As expected, typical S. rhinocerous swimming speeds were relatively slow. The lateral
line sensing distance was approximately 0.25 body lengths, which may explain the
observation that specimen introduced to a new environment tend to swim parallel and near
to the walls. Three-dimensional simulations demonstrate that just upstream from the region
under the supra-occipital horn the equipotential of the water pressure and velocity fields are
nearly vertical. Results support the hypothesis that the conspicuous cranial horn of S. rhinocerous
may lead to greater stimulus of the lateral line compared to fish that do not possess
such morphology.
Times Cited:
1
Relevent Species:
Related Records:
Li, W.X and Tao, J.N. (1994)
A new species of Cyprinidae from Yunnan, Sinocyclocheilus rhinocerous sp. nov.
Li, W., Wu, D., Chen, A. and Tao, J. (1997)Histological study on the horn-like projection on the head of Sinocyclocheilus rhinocerous
Wang, D. and Chen, Y.Y. (1998)On the diagnosis of Sinocyclocheilus and the taxonomic position of its closely related genus Anchicyclocheilus (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae: Barbinae)
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Li, W.X. and Tao, J.N. (2002)Local dissection of body of the fishes Sinocyclocheilus rhinocerous
Li, W.X. and Tao, J.N. (2002)Partial anatomy of the Sinocyclocheilus rhinocerous
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Li, C., Chen, H., Zhao, Y., Chen, S. and Xiao, H. (2020)Comparative transcriptomics reveals the molecular genetic basis of pigmentation loss in Sinocyclocheilus cavefishes
Zhao, Y., Zhang, C. and Proudlove, G.S. (2021)Fishes of the Genus Sinocyclocheilus (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae) in China. Systematics, biology, biogeography and cave adaptation
Li, R., Wang, X., Bian, C., Gao, Z., Zhang, Y., Jiang, W., Wang, M., You, X., Cheng, L., Pan, X., Yang, J. and Shi, Q. (2021)Whole-genome sequencing of Sinocyclocheilus maitianheensis reveals phylogenetic evolution and immunological variances in various Sinocyclocheilus fishes
Lei, F., Xu, M., Ji, Z., Rose, K.A., Zakirov, V. and Bisset, M. (2022)Swimming behavior and hydrodynamics of the Chinese cavefish Sinocyclocheilus rhinocerous and a possible role of its head horn structure