Horaglanis abdulkalami
Subhash Babu 2012
ORDER | SUB-ORDER | FAMILY |
---|---|---|
Siluriformes | Siluroidei | Clariidae |
Synonyms
None.
Country
IndiaTypes
Holotype: MBM/F/16/10 37.8mm TL, 31.0mm SL. Paratype: (3) 32.0mm-36.0mm TL.
Distribution
A dugout well (10.2m deep) at Irinjalakuda, Trichur District, Kerala, India, 10°20'47.50"N, 76°12'03.50"E.
Habitat
Shallow groundwaters.
Systematics
Jayaram (2006:309) proposed the subfamily Horaglanidinae for the, then, two species in the genus but this has not received support since.
Diogo et al. (2003), also de Pinna (1993) and de Pinna (1998), have suggested, on morphological grounds, that the most basal member of the Family Clariidae is Horaglanis, and that the next most basal is Uegitglanis.
Biological Notes
The Kerala area of south-western India, principally the area of the Western Ghats, is rich in subterranean species. There are at least three unique elements within this subterranean fauna that stand out as of great evolutionary interest.
First, there are at least eight subterranean fishes: Clariidae: H. krishnai, Horaglanis alikunhii, Horaglanis abdulkalami; Kryptoglanidae: Kryptoglanis shajii, Kryptoglanis undescribed species; Synbranchidae: Monopterus eapeni, Monopterus roseni, Monopterus digressus.
Second, there is a strongly fossorial amphibian in its own family: Nasikabatrachidae: Nasikabatrachus sahyadriensis Biju and Bossuyt 2003, sister family, genus and species to Sooglossidae, an amphibian family found only in the Seychelles archipelago) (Zachariah et al. 2012).
Third, there are two aberant Crustacea: Euryrhynchidae: Eurindicus bhugarbha De Grave, Arjun and Raghavan 2018 and Palaemonidae: Troglindicus phreaticus Sankolli and Shenoy 1979.
Both the fishes and the Crustacea appear to have originated in Gondwanan times and both have close relatives in Africa. It is hypothesised that the genus Horaglanis is related to Uegitglanis zammaranoi from Somalia (Menon 1951, Silas 2010) and Eurindicus is related to three west African species (the monotypic Euryrhyncoides holthuisi, Euryrhynchina edingtonae and Eurhynchina puteola (De Grave et al. 2018).
There is considerable evidence, both from morphology and molecules, that Horaglanis is very basal within Clariidae. de Pinna (1993, 1998) and Diogo et al. (2003) considered the skull structure of specie swithin the Clariidae and concluded that Uegitglanis was sister to all other species in the family and that Horaglanis was sister to Uegitglanis plus other species making it the most basal of all studied clariids. This conclusion was supported by Pavan-Kumar (2017) who compared mitochondrial COI sequences from one (unnamed) species of Horaglanis and 13 other Clariidae and showed that it is the sister group to all other species in the family (he did not include Uegitglanis in his analysis). [Note than Pavan-Kumar (2017) is a Peerj preprint that had not been refereed so its conclusions need to be taken with caution.]
Conservation Status
MuG TLO [NE]
NE. Raghavan et al. (2016) record the conservation status as DD (in common with the other members of the genus) but this is not in the Red List. The same authors point out that this is a single-location endemic and that the location is outside of a protected area.
Museum Holdings
As above only.
Internet Resources
GENETIC RESOURCES
Only genus defined, species not known
Genbank HE819391.1 mt COI specimen voucher M-CCI-HL1
Genbank HE819392.1 mt COI specimen voucher M-CCI-HKA
Genbank HE819393.1 mt COI specimen voucher M-CCI-HKB
Genbank HE819394.1 mt COI specimen voucher M-CCI-HKC
Genbank HG937614.1 mt cytB specimen voucher M-CCI-HL
Genbank HG937613.1 mt cytB specimen voucher M-CCI-HKB
Key References
- Misra, K.S. (1976)
- Mercy, T.V.A. (1981)
- Mercy, T.V.A. (1981)
- Mercy, T.V.A. (1981)
- Mercy, T.V.A., Padmanabhan, K.G. and Pillai, N.K. (1982)
- Mercy, T.V.A. (1982)
- Mercy, T.V.A. (1983)
- Mercy, T.V A., Pillai, N.K. and Balasubramonian, N.K. (1984)
- Mercy, T.V.A. and Pillai, N.K. (1984/5)
- Talwar, P. K. and Jhingran, A. G. (1992)
- de Pinna, M.C.C. (1993)
- de Pinna, M.C.C. (1998)
- Mercy, T.V.A. (2000)
- Ponniah, A.G. and Gopalakrishnan, A. (2000)
- Ranjit Daniels, R.J. (2001)
- Mercy, T.V.A. and Pillai, N.K. (2001)
- Mercy, T.V.A., Pillai, N.K. and Balasubramonian, N.K. (2001)
- Arratia, G., Kapoor, B.G., Chardon, M. and Diogo, R. (2003)
- Biju, S.D. and Bossuyt, F. (2003)
- Teugels, G.G. and Adriaens, D. (2003)
- Diogo, R., Chardon, M. and Vandewalle, P. (2003)
- Bossuyt, F., Meegaskumbura, M., Beenaerts, N., Gower, D.J., Pethiyagoda, R., Roelants, K., Mannaert, A., Wilkinson, M., Bahir, M.M., Manamendra-Arachchi, K., Ng, P.K.L., Schneider, C.K., Oommen, O.V. and Milinkovitch, M.C. (2004)
- Roelants, K., Jiang, J. and Bossuyt, F. (2004)
- Babu, K.K.S. and Nayar, C.K.G. (2004)
- Babu, K.K.S. and Nayar, C.K.G. (2004)
- Kurup B.M. Radhakrishnan K.V. and Manojkumar T.G. (2004)
- Dahanukar, N., Raut, R. and Bhat, A. (2004)
- Diogo, R. (2005)
- Jayaram, K.C. (2006)
- Gunawardene, N.R. et al. (2007)
- Ollier, CD and Sheth, HC (2008)
- Subhash Babu, K.K. and Sivasankaran, B.N. (2010)
- Pati, A.K. and Parganiha, A. (2010)
- Dahanukar, N., Raghavan, R., Ali, A., Abraham, R. and Shaji, C.P. (2011)
- Babu, K.K.S. (2012)
- Raghavan, R.., Das, K.., Nameer, P.O., Bijukumar, A. and Dahanukar, N. (2016)
- Pavan-Kumar, A. (2017)
- Varma, A. (2017)
- De Grave, S., Arjun, C.P. and Raghavan, R. (2018)
- Britz, R., Anoop, V.K., Dahanukar, H. and Raghavan, R. (2019)
- Anoop, V.K., Britz, R., Arjun, C.P., Dahanukar, N. and Raghavan, R. (2019)
- Sidharthan, A., Raghavan, R., Anoop, V.K., Philip. S. and Dahanukar, N. (2020)
- Britz, R., Dahanukar, N., Anoop, V.K., Philip, S., Clark, B., Raghavan, R. and Rüber, L. (2020)
- Raghavan, R., Britz, R. and Dahanukar, N. (2021)
- Raghavan, R., Sundar, R.L., Arjun, C.P., Britz, R. and Dahanukar, N. (2023)
Misra, K.S. | Book Section | 1976 | Horaglanis krishnai |
Mercy, T.V.A. | Thesis | 1981 | Biology of the blind catfish of Kerala, Horaglanis krishnai Menon |
Mercy, T.V.A. | Thesis | 1981 | Monographic study of the fish Horaglanis krishnai Menon |
Mercy, T.V.A. | Journal Article | 1981 | On the unique disposition of the valvula cerebelli in Horaglanis krishnai (Teleostei) |
Mercy, T.V.A., Padmanabhan, K.G. and Pillai, N.K. | Journal Article | 1982 | Morphological studies on the oocytes of the blind catfish Horaglanis krishnai Menon |
Mercy, T.V.A. | Journal Article | 1982 | On the presence of a forked barbel in the blind catfish Horaglanis krishnai Menon |
Mercy, T.V.A. | Journal Article | 1983 | Studies on the air bladder of blind clariid Horaglanis krishnai Menon |
Mercy, T.V A., Pillai, N.K. and Balasubramonian, N.K. | Journal Article | 1984 | Studies on the oxygen consumption of the blind catfish Horaglanis krishnai |
Mercy, T.V.A. and Pillai, N.K. | Journal Article | 1984/5 | The anatomy and histology of the alimentary tract of the blind cat-fish Horaglanis krishnai |
Talwar, P. K. and Jhingran, A. G. | Book Section | 1992 | Genus Horaglanis and species Horaglanis krishnai |
de Pinna, M.C.C. | Thesis | 1993 | Higher-levelphylogeny of Siluriformes,with a new classication of the order (Teleostei, Ostariophysi). |
de Pinna, M.C.C. | Book Section | 1998 | Phylogenetic relationships of Neotropical Siluriformes (Teleostei: Ostariophysi): Historical overview and synthesis of hypotheses |
Mercy, T.V.A. | Book Section | 2000 | Biology of an endemic blind catfish Horaglanis krishnai Menon |
Ponniah, A.G. and Gopalakrishnan, A. | Book | 2000 | Endemic fish diversity of Western Ghats |
Ranjit Daniels, R.J. | Journal Article | 2001 | Endemic fishes of the Western Ghats and the Satpura hypothesis |
Mercy, T.V.A. and Pillai, N.K. | Journal Article | 2001 | Studies on the cranial osteology of the blind catfish Horaglanis krishnai menon (Pisces, Clariidae) |
Mercy, T.V.A., Pillai, N.K. and Balasubramonian, N.K. | Journal Article | 2001 | Studies on certain aspects of behaviour in the blind catfish Horaglanis krishnia Menon |
Arratia, G., Kapoor, B.G., Chardon, M. and Diogo, R. | Book | 2003 | Catfishes |
Biju, S.D. and Bossuyt, F. | Journal Article | 2003 | New frog family from India reveals an ancient biogeographical link with the Seychelles |
Teugels, G.G. and Adriaens, D. | Book Section | 2003 | Taxonomy and phylogeny of Clariidae - an overview |
Diogo, R., Chardon, M. and Vandewalle, P. | Journal Article | 2003 | On the osteology and myology of the cephalic region and pectoral girdle of Heteropneustes fossilis (Siluriformes: Heteropneustidae), with comments on the phylogenetic relationships between Heteropneustes and clariid fishes |
Bossuyt, F., Meegaskumbura, M., Beenaerts, N., Gower, D.J., Pethiyagoda, R., Roelants, K., Mannaert, A., Wilkinson, M., Bahir, M.M., Manamendra-Arachchi, K., Ng, P.K.L., Schneider, C.K., Oommen, O.V. and Milinkovitch, M.C. | Journal Article | 2004 | Local endemism within the Western Ghats-Sri Lanka biodiversity hotspot |
Roelants, K., Jiang, J. and Bossuyt, F. | Journal Article | 2004 | Endemic ranid (Amphibia: Anura) genera in southern mountain ranges of the Indian subcontinent represent ancient frog lineages: evidence from molecular data |
Babu, K.K.S. and Nayar, C.K.G. | Journal Article | 2004 | A new species of the blind fish Horaglanis Menon (Siluroidea: Clariidae) from Parappukara (Trichur District) and a new report of Horaglanis krishnai Menon from Ettumanur (Kottayam District), Kerala |
Babu, K.K.S. and Nayar, C.K.G. | Journal Article | 2004 | Occurence of subterranean blind fish in the laterite area of Kerala State, India |
Kurup B.M. Radhakrishnan K.V. and Manojkumar T.G. | Conference Paper | 2004 | Biodiversity status of fishes inhabiting rivers of Kerala (S. India) with special reference to endemism, threats and conservation measures |
Dahanukar, N., Raut, R. and Bhat, A. | Journal Article | 2004 | Distribution, endemism and threat status of freshwater fishes of the Western Ghats of India |
Diogo, R. | Book | 2005 | Morphological evolution, aptations, homoplasies, constraints and evolutionary trends. Catfishes as a case study on general phylogeny and macroevolution |
Jayaram, K.C. | Book | 2006 | Catfishes of India |
Gunawardene, N.R. et al. | Journal Article | 2007 | A brief overview of the Western Ghats-Sri Lanka biodiversity hotspot |
Ollier, CD and Sheth, HC | Journal Article | 2008 | The High Deccan duricrusts of India and their significance for the ‘laterite’ issue |
Subhash Babu, K.K. and Sivasankaran, B.N. | Conference Paper | 2010 | The hypogean fauna of selected ecosystems of Kerala, India, with two new records |
Pati, A.K. and Parganiha, A. | Book Section | 2010 | Subterranean fishes of India |
Dahanukar, N., Raghavan, R., Ali, A., Abraham, R. and Shaji, C.P. | Book Section | 2011 | Chapter 3. The status and distribution of freshwater fishes of the Western Ghats |
Babu, K.K.S. | Journal Article | 2012 | Horaglanis abdulkalami, a new hypogean blind catfish (Siluriformes: Clariidae) from Kerala, India |
Raghavan, R.., Das, K.., Nameer, P.O., Bijukumar, A. and Dahanukar, N. | Journal Article | 2016 | Protected area and imperriled endemic freshwater biodiversity in the Westren Ghats hotspot |
Pavan-Kumar, A. | Journal Article | 2017 | Molecular phylogeny of genus Horaglanis (Indian blind catfishes) within Family Clariidae |
Varma, A. | Book | 2017 | Groundwater resource and governance in Kerala: status issues and prospects |
De Grave, S., Arjun, C.P. and Raghavan, R. | Journal Article | 2018 | The discovery of Euryrhynchidae (Crustacea: Decapoda) in India, with the description of a new genus and species |
Britz, R., Anoop, V.K., Dahanukar, H. and Raghavan, R. | Journal Article | 2019 | The subterranean Aenigmachanna gollum, a new genus and species of snakehead (Teleostei: Channidae) from Kerala, India |
Anoop, V.K., Britz, R., Arjun, C.P., Dahanukar, N. and Raghavan, R. | Journal Article | 2019 | Pangio bhujia, a new, peculiar species of miniature subterranean eel loach lacking dorsal and pelvic fins from India (Teleostei: Cobitidae) |
Sidharthan, A., Raghavan, R., Anoop, V.K., Philip. S. and Dahanukar, N. | Journal Article | 2020 | Riddle on the riffle: Miocene diversification and biogeography of endemic mountain loaches in the Western Ghats biodiversity hotspot |
Britz, R., Dahanukar, N., Anoop, V.K., Philip, S., Clark, B., Raghavan, R. and Rüber, L. | Journal Article | 2020 | Aenigmachannidae, a new family of snakehead fishes (Teleostei: Channoidei) from subterranean waters of South India |
Raghavan, R., Britz, R. and Dahanukar, N. | Journal Article | 2021 | Poor groundwater governance threatens ancient subterranean fishes |
Raghavan, R., Sundar, R.L., Arjun, C.P., Britz, R. and Dahanukar, N. | Journal Article | 2023 | Evolution in the dark: Unexpected genetic diversity and morphological stasis in the blind, aquifer-dwelling catfish Horaglanis |